![]() There is no particular medical treatment for bruises. Significant bruising or bleeding when on blood-thinning medications.Bleeding from the gums, from the bowel or in urine.Bruising that is more frequent or severe than normal.Urgent medical care is required if the bruising is associated with swelling and extreme pain, as it could indicate a fracture in the underlying bone.Ī medical assessment is also indicated for: Ooze around catheters and blood-letting sites in a sick patient can indicate disseminated intravascular coagulation, vitamin K deficiency, or thrombocytopenia.Bleeding into the joints may indicate haemophilia.Large bruises suggest coagulation factor deficiencies from liver disease or von Willebrand disease.Pigmented purpura may indicate capillaritis.Petechiae may be due to a platelet defect.If bruises are occurring for no reason or extremely frequently, blood tests may be required to confirm a platelet defect and determine if there is an underlying medical problem. However, if a broken bone is suspected, an X-ray may be required. Usually, tests are not required for bruises. Over a few days, the colour fades to a yellowish-green, as the leaked blood breaks down. It may feel tender immediately after bruising, and the area may be swollen. Typically, a bruise first appears as a reddish patch, which develops over a few hours into a blue, black or purple discolouration. Once bleeding has stopped, a blackish crust or scab forms while the wound heals underneath. ![]() Larger blood vessels, such as arteries, lead to more profuse and prolonged bleeding than smaller ones, such as capillaries. What are the symptoms of bleeding and bruises? The use of systemic or topical steroids can also increase the likelihood of bruising. Deficiencies in other clotting factors.A clotting factor deficiency can also be a result of a medical condition, such as: These are often prescribed for atrial fibrillation or a recent blood clot in veins or lungs. Drugs that affect platelets (eg, aspirin and clopidogrel), such as drugs prescribed to prevent heart attacks and strokes, and non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs.īlood vessel defects, where the vessels are twisted or enlarged, include:Ī clotting factor deficiency may be due to drugs that affect clotting factors (eg, warfarin, heparin, rivaroxaban and apixaban).Autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.Platelets can be dysfunctional or decreased in number. Platelets accumulate and block any defects in the blood vessel walls.ĭefects in any of these three responses can lead to spontaneous or excessive bleeding and bruising.After an injury, the body immediately attempts to stop any blood loss.
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